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Image matting evaluation results Competition: Low resolution High resolution
Error type: SAD MSE Gradient Connectivity

Sum of Absolute Differences overall
avg.
small avg.
large avg.
user Troll
(Strongly Transparent)
Input Doll
(Strongly Transparent)
Input Donkey
(Medium Transparent)
Input Elephant
(Medium Transparent)
Input Plant
(Little Transparent)
Input Pineapple
(Little Transparent)
Input Plastic bag
(Highly Transparent)
Input Net
(Highly Transparent)
Input

rank rank rank rank small large user small large user small large user small large user small large user small large user small large user small large user

TIMI-Net 3.6 4.5 4 2.3 8.3 4 8.7 3 9 2 4.4 6 4.7 5 4.4 2 2.8 5 2.9 3 2 2 1 9 1.1 5 1.3 2 4.7 4 5.2 5 6.2 4 1.8 3 1.9 3 2.3 2 15.9 2 16.2 1 15.5 1 16.6 3 19.2 7 18 3

LFPNet 3.6 3.1 2.8 4.9 7.6 1 8.1 1 9 3 4.3 3 4.3 1 5.1 3 3 10 3 6 2.8 7 0.8 2 0.8 2 1.5 7 3.9 1 4.2 1 5.3 1 1.7 1 1.7 1 2.2 1 17 6 18 9 17.9 16 16.6 1 16.6 1 17.6 1

S²Matt 4 3.6 2.9 5.4 8.3 2 8.9 4 9.4 7 4.3 4 4.3 2 5.1 4 3 9 3.1 7 2.8 8 0.8 1 0.8 1 1.5 6 3.9 2 4.4 2 5.6 2 1.7 2 1.8 2 2.3 3 16.5 5 16.8 3 16.9 9 17.7 4 17.7 2 18.1 4

SIM 4.6 5 3.8 5 8.3 3 8.7 2 9 1 4.8 14 4.8 10 6 13 2.2 1 2.2 1 2 1 0.9 7 0.9 4 1.1 1 4.7 5 5.1 3 6.3 5 2.2 4 2.3 4 2.5 4 15.9 1 16.3 2 16.3 6 17.8 5 18 4 20.9 9

PIIAMatting 7.9 5 10.1 8.5 9.1 8 10 11 9.3 5 4.3 2 4.6 4 5.4 7 2.8 4 3.7 15 2.7 5 0.9 4 2.3 20 2 15 4.7 6 6.8 11 8.3 10 2.2 6 2.7 7 4.3 16 17.2 8 17.3 7 15.5 2 16.6 2 19.1 6 20.2 8

IamAlpha 7.9 6.9 7.1 9.8 10.4 17 10.5 13 10.8 14 4.4 5 4.4 3 6.1 14 2.7 2 3 5 3.2 14 0.9 5 1.7 14 1.7 9 4.8 7 5.2 4 6.2 3 2.5 10 3.3 11 3.3 7 16.2 3 16.9 4 17.9 15 17.8 6 18 3 18 2

HDMatt 9.5 11.6 8.1 8.8 9.5 11 10 9 10.7 13 4.7 9 4.8 8 5.8 11 2.9 8 3 4 2.6 3 1.1 14 1.2 11 1.3 3 5.2 11 5.9 6 6.7 6 2.4 7 2.6 5 3.1 5 17.3 10 17.3 5 17 11 21.5 23 22.4 17 23.2 18

Background Matting 11.8 9.3 10 16.3 9.3 9 10 10 10.1 10 4.5 8 5.1 13 6.7 19 2.9 7 3.3 9 2.9 10 1 12 1.2 10 2.2 21 5.2 10 6 7 7.8 8 2.8 14 3.4 13 4.3 15 16.4 4 17.3 6 16.4 7 19.5 10 20.9 12 27.9 40

A2U Matting 11.9 11.3 8.8 15.6 9.3 10 9.7 7 10.9 16 4.8 12 4.9 11 5.3 6 3 11 3.1 8 2.8 6 1 10 1.1 6 1.4 5 5.1 8 6.7 8 8.5 11 2.5 11 3 8 5.9 27 17.3 11 18.4 12 18.1 17 20.6 17 20.6 10 27.3 37

AdaMatting 11.9 10.6 10.9 14.3 10.2 15 11.1 17 10.8 15 4.9 16 5.4 15 6.6 18 3.6 17 3.4 11 3.4 20 0.9 3 0.9 3 1.8 10 4.7 3 6.8 9 9.3 19 2.2 5 2.6 6 3.3 6 19.2 19 19.8 21 18.7 21 17.8 7 19.1 5 18.6 5

SampleNet Matting 12.3 9.9 12.1 14.8 9.1 7 9.7 8 9.8 9 4.3 1 4.8 7 5.1 5 3.4 16 3.7 16 3.2 17 0.9 6 1.1 8 2 13 5.1 9 6.8 10 9.7 22 2.5 9 4 17 3.7 9 18.6 18 19.3 18 19.1 24 20 13 21.6 13 23.2 19

GCA Matting 13.5 14.8 10.8 15.1 8.8 5 9.5 6 11.1 18 4.9 15 4.8 9 5.8 12 3.4 15 3.7 13 3.2 16 1.1 17 1.2 9 1.3 4 5.7 18 6.9 12 7.6 7 2.8 13 3.1 9 4.5 19 18.3 15 19.2 14 18.5 19 20.8 20 21.7 14 24.7 26

FE2E High-Quality Matting 14.2 13.1 15.6 13.9 10.1 14 11.1 15 9.3 6 5.5 21 6.4 19 6.9 21 3.4 14 3.7 14 3.2 15 1 11 1.7 15 1.9 11 5.7 17 7.8 21 11 27 2.5 8 3.8 15 3.8 10 17.3 9 18.4 11 17.4 14 19.6 11 21.8 15 20.2 7

VDRN Matting 14.6 16.8 15 12.1 8.9 6 9.4 5 9.3 4 5.2 18 5.6 17 6.6 17 2.8 6 3.3 10 2.7 4 1.8 30 1.9 18 2 12 5.7 16 7.1 15 8.3 9 3 16 3.5 14 3.6 8 17.6 12 18.3 10 16.9 10 23.2 30 25.9 31 26.5 33

ATNet Matting 14.8 16.5 13.5 14.4 9.7 13 10.2 12 9.6 8 4.5 7 4.8 6 4.4 1 3.7 18 3.9 17 3.4 21 1.7 27 1.9 17 2.2 19 5.9 23 7 14 9.3 18 2.9 15 3.3 12 3.9 12 19.8 21 20.6 22 20.7 30 19 8 19.2 8 20.1 6

Deep Matting 15.2 16.6 14.3 14.8 10.7 19 11.2 19 11 17 4.8 13 5.8 18 5.6 9 2.8 3 2.9 2 2.9 9 1.1 13 1.1 7 2 14 6 28 7.1 16 8.9 14 2.7 12 3.2 10 3.9 11 19.2 20 19.6 20 18.7 20 21.8 25 23.9 22 24.1 24

Information-flow matting 17.7 19 18.6 15.5 10.3 16 11.2 18 12.5 21 5.6 25 7.3 23 7.3 24 3.8 19 4.1 19 3 12 1.4 18 2.3 19 2 17 5.9 25 7.1 17 8.6 12 3.6 20 5.7 20 4.6 20 18.3 14 19.3 17 15.8 4 20.2 15 22.2 16 22.3 14

IndexNet Matting 18.8 21.4 17.6 17.5 12.6 35 13.4 21 11.4 19 4.8 11 4.9 12 5.7 10 3.3 13 4 18 3 11 1.1 15 1.5 13 1.6 8 6.4 32 7.5 20 8.9 15 3.4 17 4 16 4.1 13 18.6 17 19.1 13 18.5 18 23.4 31 25.1 28 29.3 46

DCNN Matting 19.9 21.8 18 19.9 12 29 14.1 23 14.5 27 5.3 19 6.4 20 6.8 20 3.9 21 4.5 21 3.4 19 1.6 24 2.5 21 2.2 22 6 27 6.9 13 9.1 16 4 23 6 21 5.3 22 19.9 22 19.2 16 19.1 23 19.4 9 20 9 21.2 10

AlphaGAN 20.3 21.4 20.8 18.9 9.6 12 10.7 14 10.4 12 4.7 10 5.3 14 5.4 8 3.1 12 3.7 12 3.1 13 1.1 16 1.3 12 2 16 6.4 34 8.3 29 9.3 20 3.6 19 5 18 4.3 17 20.8 23 21.5 24 20.6 29 25.7 45 28.7 43 26.7 36

Context-aware Matting 22.8 27 21 20.3 10.4 18 11.1 16 10.1 11 6.4 35 7.4 26 7.1 22 4.1 22 4.5 22 3.8 27 2.3 45 3.1 23 3 38 7.1 41 8.2 27 9.1 17 3.5 18 5.5 19 4.1 14 18.3 16 19.2 15 16.5 8 21.1 21 23.3 20 24.6 25

Three-layer graph matting 25 20.8 22.8 31.4 10.7 20 15.2 24 13.8 24 4.9 17 5.6 16 8.1 36 3.9 20 4.4 20 3.6 24 1 8 1.8 16 3 36 5.9 22 7.3 19 12.4 36 4.2 26 8 28 8.5 45 24.2 37 25.6 38 24.2 38 20.5 16 23.5 21 22.2 12

ATPM Matting 27.1 30.6 29.6 21.1 14 46 17.8 31 13.4 22 5.5 20 6.4 21 7.3 25 5.4 53 6.4 48 4.3 41 1.7 28 3.3 28 2.3 25 6.8 38 8 24 8.7 13 4.2 24 7.5 25 5.5 23 17.2 7 17.6 8 15.7 3 22.6 29 37.3 52 22.8 17

Three Stages Matting 28.4 28 28.6 28.6 11.7 28 13.9 22 13.9 25 5.6 22 7.4 25 7.9 30 4.6 34 5.5 35 4.2 36 2.2 41 4 35 3.1 41 6.5 35 11 46 11.9 31 4 21 6.5 22 4.5 18 23.3 31 23.2 33 22.3 33 19.6 12 20.8 11 22.4 15

LNSP Matting 29.9 26.4 30.5 32.8 12.2 30 22.5 49 19.5 54 5.6 23 8.1 29 8.8 46 4.6 32 5.9 40 3.6 23 1.5 21 3.5 31 3.1 40 6.2 29 8.1 26 10.7 26 4 22 7.1 23 6.4 29 21.5 26 20.8 23 16.3 5 22.5 28 24.4 23 27.8 39

CSC Matting 29.9 33.4 26.1 30.3 13.6 43 15.6 25 14.5 26 6.2 33 7.5 27 8.1 37 4.6 35 4.8 24 4.2 39 1.8 32 2.7 22 2.5 27 5.5 15 7.3 18 9.7 21 4.6 30 7.6 26 6.9 33 23.7 33 23 31 21 31 26.3 46 27.2 36 25.2 28

Graph-based sparse matting 31 31.5 31.8 29.6 12.6 36 20.5 41 14.8 31 5.7 27 7.3 22 6.4 16 4.5 30 5.3 31 3.7 25 1.4 20 3.3 29 2.3 24 6.3 31 7.9 22 11.1 28 4.2 25 8.3 31 6.4 28 28.7 50 31.3 51 27.1 47 23.6 33 25.1 27 27.3 38

KL-Divergence Based Sparse Sampling 31.2 29.6 31.3 32.8 11.6 27 17.5 30 14.7 28 5.6 24 8.5 34 8 32 4.9 46 5.3 29 3.7 26 1.5 22 3.5 30 2.1 18 5.8 20 8.3 28 14.1 44 5.6 41 9.3 36 8 41 24.6 38 27.7 45 28.9 50 20.7 19 22.7 18 23.9 23

Patch-based Matting 31.2 25.4 33.5 34.8 10.9 22 19 35 15.7 37 6 30 9.5 43 8.3 39 4.3 26 5.2 28 4.2 38 1.6 23 3.2 26 2.6 28 5.2 12 9 34 12.4 33 4.7 31 9.7 38 7 34 21.6 27 21.7 25 24.9 40 23.5 32 28.1 39 25.6 29

TSPS-RV Matting 32.6 30.8 32.5 34.5 11.3 26 16.4 28 13.7 23 6.1 31 8.1 31 8.6 43 4.5 28 5.4 33 4.1 35 1.4 19 3.3 27 3.5 50 7.9 49 8.9 32 12.4 35 6.2 45 9 34 8.7 47 22.8 30 23.5 34 21.4 32 20.7 18 28.5 41 22.2 11

Iterative Transductive Matting 33.3 34.3 33.5 32 13.1 40 17.2 29 15.6 36 5.7 26 8.6 36 7.8 29 5.1 49 5.5 34 3.9 28 1.9 33 5.8 46 2.6 29 6.6 36 8.5 30 13.8 43 5.4 36 10 39 7.4 38 25.5 40 24 35 23.8 37 20.1 14 22.7 19 22.7 16

SVR Matting 33.7 36.6 34.3 30.1 18.7 58 30.7 60 19.1 51 6.8 45 7.7 28 7.6 28 4.7 41 5 27 3.4 18 1.9 34 4.7 38 2.9 34 5.8 19 8.7 31 10.5 23 4.3 27 8 29 5.6 25 21.2 25 22.1 28 17.1 13 25.6 44 26.1 33 30.6 49

Comprehensive sampling 33.8 30.4 34.3 36.6 11.2 25 18.5 34 14.8 29 6.5 39 9.5 42 8.9 48 4.5 29 4.9 25 4.1 34 1.7 26 3.1 25 2.3 26 5.4 14 9.8 38 13.4 41 5.5 39 11.5 45 7.4 40 23.9 35 22 27 22.8 34 23.8 36 28 38 28.1 41

Comprehensive Weighted Color and Texture 34.3 33.6 35.6 33.5 14.6 47 16 26 15.7 38 6.8 44 10 46 7.9 31 4.3 25 5 26 4.1 32 1.7 25 3.5 32 2.2 20 5.4 13 9.9 40 12.8 39 4.3 28 7.4 24 5.2 21 28.3 49 28.1 46 25.4 43 24 38 30.2 45 28.7 44

Sparse coded matting 34.7 38 35.6 30.5 13.7 44 25.8 56 14.8 32 6.4 36 8.2 32 6.2 15 4.7 36 5.4 32 4 30 1.8 31 3.1 24 2.3 23 5.9 24 8 25 10.6 24 4.5 29 8 27 5.5 24 30.3 52 33.1 54 29.2 51 27.7 52 27.2 35 29 45

LocalSamplingAndKnnClassification 36.3 38.9 34.4 35.6 12.6 34 16 27 12.4 20 5.8 28 8.1 30 8 33 4.5 31 5.5 36 4.1 31 2.2 42 5.1 41 3.4 48 8.1 50 10.5 42 15.6 49 7.3 49 12.3 48 9.4 48 24.1 36 21.8 26 19.7 25 24.7 41 24.8 25 25.9 31

Weighted Color and Texture Matting 37 34.5 39.3 37.3 13.1 41 17.8 32 15.8 39 6.5 38 9.4 40 8.6 42 4.2 24 4.7 23 3.9 29 1.7 29 6 47 2.7 30 6.4 33 11 45 16.3 50 4.8 32 9.1 35 6.5 30 23.7 32 24.8 37 23.2 35 26.5 47 40.2 55 28.5 43

CCM 37.3 40.4 37.3 34.3 13.8 45 20.8 42 16.9 47 6.4 37 8.9 38 8.2 38 4.7 37 5.9 41 3.6 22 2.5 47 4.3 36 3 35 7 40 9 33 10.6 25 4.9 33 8.1 30 5.7 26 25.6 41 27.5 44 24.5 39 25.4 43 26.4 34 28.2 42

LNCLM matting 37.4 39.9 37.3 35 10.9 23 11.2 20 16.7 45 6.9 47 8.9 39 7.2 23 5.6 55 7 56 4.1 33 2.5 49 5.1 42 3.5 51 7.5 44 10 41 12 32 5.5 40 11.3 42 7.3 37 25.2 39 23 32 19.9 27 21.2 22 25 26 26.4 32

Shared Matting 37.4 35.6 41.1 35.5 10.8 21 20.5 40 15 33 7.8 51 11.6 52 8.1 34 4.2 23 5.3 30 4.2 37 2.1 36 5.8 45 2.9 33 5.9 26 9.2 35 11.4 30 5 34 8.8 32 6.8 32 34.9 57 34.9 55 34.3 55 23.9 37 28.4 40 25.7 30

Global Sampling Matting 39.8 36.5 42.6 40.4 10.9 24 22.7 50 15.4 34 6.3 34 9.5 44 9 49 4.7 38 6.4 50 4.3 43 2.2 43 5.6 44 3.4 47 6.9 39 9.6 37 12.9 40 6.3 46 12.5 49 8.6 46 25.8 42 27.5 43 25.3 42 22 26 24.4 24 23.7 22

SRLO Matting 40.8 39.4 43.4 39.6 14.7 48 18 33 17.7 49 6.9 46 10.7 48 8.9 47 4.9 47 5.7 38 4.7 51 2.1 38 6.5 48 2.8 32 6.3 30 10.9 44 15.2 48 5.4 35 11.6 46 7 36 26.5 47 29.7 48 25.1 41 21.7 24 28.5 42 22.3 13

Segmentation-based matting 41.1 41.9 40.3 41.1 12.8 39 23.5 52 16.6 44 6.6 40 8.3 33 7.3 26 4.8 45 6.1 44 4.3 44 2.1 37 3.9 34 3.1 39 6.7 37 8 23 13.4 42 6 44 8.8 33 8.2 42 31.6 53 35.6 56 38.8 57 24.5 40 32 47 26.7 35

Improved color matting 42.3 42.5 41.6 42.6 14.9 49 24.5 54 20 55 6.7 42 9.5 41 8.5 41 4.6 33 6.1 45 4.3 45 2.6 51 5.4 43 3.4 49 7.5 45 9.9 39 12.5 37 6 42 10.1 40 8.4 44 26.1 43 26.7 42 23.6 36 23.8 35 25.6 29 26.7 34

KNN Matting 42.6 44.6 44.4 38.9 16.2 53 19.7 36 16.8 46 8 52 11 49 9 51 4.7 39 6.7 53 4.3 40 3 54 7.7 54 3.7 52 9.2 53 11.3 47 11.3 29 6 43 10.4 41 6.7 31 18.1 13 19.6 19 17 12 27.4 50 41 56 32.7 50

Local Spline Regression (LSR) 42.7 44.9 39.4 43.9 12.2 31 20 38 16.2 40 6.1 32 8.8 37 8.1 35 5.2 51 6.2 47 4.6 48 2.2 44 4.9 40 3.1 42 9.4 55 11.9 49 18.3 53 8.2 52 11.4 43 10.1 50 26.4 45 22.5 29 20.2 28 27 49 26 32 39.8 55

Global Sampling Matting (filter version) 42.9 40.6 45.6 42.4 12.3 32 24.3 53 16.3 41 7.3 49 10.2 47 9.5 52 5.1 50 6.4 49 4.7 52 2.4 46 4.7 39 3.2 44 5.9 21 9.5 36 12.4 34 6.5 47 13.1 50 8.3 43 26.5 46 28.3 47 30 53 23.6 34 29.1 44 23.5 20

Learning Based Matting 44.1 44.6 43.3 44.4 16 52 22 48 18.7 50 6.6 41 7.4 24 7.4 27 4.8 43 6.1 43 4.3 46 2.1 35 3.7 33 2.8 31 7.5 46 14.5 55 19.5 56 8.6 56 14.1 53 14.6 58 22.5 28 24.8 36 19.9 26 34.6 56 38.5 54 51.2 61

LMSPIR 45.1 44.1 46.9 44.4 15.2 51 20 37 19.1 52 6.7 43 11.2 50 8.7 45 4.8 44 5.8 39 4.6 50 2.1 39 6.8 51 3 37 7.9 48 14.3 54 20.2 57 5.5 38 11.4 44 7 35 29.7 51 31 50 29.6 52 24 39 34.2 50 25 27

Shared Matting (Real Time) 45.6 44.3 46.5 46 12.4 33 21.6 44 16.3 42 9.5 55 13.5 54 9.9 53 4.4 27 5.6 37 4.4 47 2.5 50 6.8 52 3.2 45 7.1 42 10.8 43 12.6 38 5.4 37 9.7 37 7.4 39 35.5 59 35.8 57 35.5 56 27.6 51 33.4 48 29.8 48

Closed-Form Matting 46 44.6 43.6 49.9 12.7 37 21.9 47 17.2 48 5.9 29 8.5 35 8.6 44 4.7 40 6 42 4.3 42 2.2 40 4.6 37 3.3 46 9.3 54 12.1 50 19.3 55 8.3 53 14.9 55 13.4 57 34.2 56 32.4 53 27.4 48 26.5 48 25.7 30 48.3 59

Improving Sampling Criterion 49.7 48.9 51.5 48.8 12.7 38 21.1 43 16.4 43 11.5 58 17 59 12.1 58 5.8 57 8.1 59 5.7 57 5.4 62 12.1 61 6.6 61 9.6 57 15.7 56 17.8 51 10.2 58 17 56 11.2 55 23.8 34 26.7 41 25.9 44 22.2 27 27.3 37 23.7 21

Cell-based matting Laplacian 50.3 52.4 49 49.4 15.1 50 21.7 45 15.6 35 7.6 50 11.4 51 9 50 5.7 56 6.7 54 5.2 55 3.1 55 6.7 49 4.5 55 8.6 51 11.4 48 14.9 46 8.5 55 13.5 52 11.1 53 27.7 48 26.2 40 27.6 49 32.4 54 37.6 53 37.9 52

Large Kernel Matting 50.5 52.1 49.9 49.5 17.2 54 21.8 46 20.7 56 7.2 48 9.6 45 8.4 40 5.3 52 6.6 52 4.6 49 2.9 53 8.2 56 4.2 53 8.6 52 12.1 51 14.7 45 8 51 13.4 51 11.2 54 33 54 31.8 52 26.1 45 32.1 53 32 46 38.4 54

Robust Matting 51.2 47.5 52.1 54 17.3 55 28.4 58 21.1 57 10.1 56 16.9 58 11.4 56 4.8 42 6.5 51 5 54 2.8 52 7.3 53 4.4 54 7.3 43 14 53 18.1 52 6.8 48 14.6 54 10.6 52 22.7 29 26.1 39 32.1 54 34.4 55 37 51 38 53

SPS matting 53.3 52.6 56.3 50.9 13.4 42 23 51 14.8 30 12.5 59 18.5 60 12.4 59 6.6 61 9.4 62 6.5 62 4.5 60 12.7 62 5.4 58 9.5 56 16.4 58 18.6 54 9.8 57 18.1 59 10.6 51 26.1 44 30.9 49 26.2 46 25 42 33.5 49 29.5 47

High-res matting 54.2 52.8 55.5 54.4 18.6 57 25.8 55 24.6 59 8.6 53 14.1 55 11.1 55 5 48 6.2 46 4.8 53 2.5 48 8.3 57 3.2 43 7.8 47 14 52 21.4 58 8.5 54 18.1 60 12.2 56 35.3 58 38.1 59 42.6 60 38.7 57 54.6 60 36.8 51

Transfusive Weights 54.7 54.8 54.5 54.9 23.2 59 26.7 57 22.4 58 9.2 54 11.9 53 10.4 54 6.1 59 8.1 58 5.9 59 3.8 58 8 55 5.3 57 12.9 60 21.4 60 37.6 64 13.1 63 22.8 62

Sum of Absolute Differences	overall	avg. small	avg. large	avg. user	Troll (Strongly Transparent) Input			Doll (Strongly Transparent) Input			Donkey (Medium Transparent) Input			Elephant (Medium Transparent) Input			Plant (Little Transparent) Input			Pineapple (Little Transparent) Input			Plastic bag (Highly Transparent) Input			Net (Highly Transparent) Input
	rank	rank	rank	rank	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user	small	large	user
TIMI-Net	3.6	4.5	4	2.3	8.3 4	8.7 3	9 2	4.4 6	4.7 5	4.4 2	2.8 5	2.9 3	2 2	1 9	1.1 5	1.3 2	4.7 4	5.2 5	6.2 4	1.8 3	1.9 3	2.3 2	15.9 2	16.2 1	15.5 1	16.6 3	19.2 7	18 3
LFPNet	3.6	3.1	2.8	4.9	7.6 1	8.1 1	9 3	4.3 3	4.3 1	5.1 3	3 10	3 6	2.8 7	0.8 2	0.8 2	1.5 7	3.9 1	4.2 1	5.3 1	1.7 1	1.7 1	2.2 1	17 6	18 9	17.9 16	16.6 1	16.6 1	17.6 1
S²Matt	4	3.6	2.9	5.4	8.3 2	8.9 4	9.4 7	4.3 4	4.3 2	5.1 4	3 9	3.1 7	2.8 8	0.8 1	0.8 1	1.5 6	3.9 2	4.4 2	5.6 2	1.7 2	1.8 2	2.3 3	16.5 5	16.8 3	16.9 9	17.7 4	17.7 2	18.1 4
SIM	4.6	5	3.8	5	8.3 3	8.7 2	9 1	4.8 14	4.8 10	6 13	2.2 1	2.2 1	2 1	0.9 7	0.9 4	1.1 1	4.7 5	5.1 3	6.3 5	2.2 4	2.3 4	2.5 4	15.9 1	16.3 2	16.3 6	17.8 5	18 4	20.9 9
PIIAMatting	7.9	5	10.1	8.5	9.1 8	10 11	9.3 5	4.3 2	4.6 4	5.4 7	2.8 4	3.7 15	2.7 5	0.9 4	2.3 20	2 15	4.7 6	6.8 11	8.3 10	2.2 6	2.7 7	4.3 16	17.2 8	17.3 7	15.5 2	16.6 2	19.1 6	20.2 8
IamAlpha	7.9	6.9	7.1	9.8	10.4 17	10.5 13	10.8 14	4.4 5	4.4 3	6.1 14	2.7 2	3 5	3.2 14	0.9 5	1.7 14	1.7 9	4.8 7	5.2 4	6.2 3	2.5 10	3.3 11	3.3 7	16.2 3	16.9 4	17.9 15	17.8 6	18 3	18 2
HDMatt	9.5	11.6	8.1	8.8	9.5 11	10 9	10.7 13	4.7 9	4.8 8	5.8 11	2.9 8	3 4	2.6 3	1.1 14	1.2 11	1.3 3	5.2 11	5.9 6	6.7 6	2.4 7	2.6 5	3.1 5	17.3 10	17.3 5	17 11	21.5 23	22.4 17	23.2 18
Background Matting	11.8	9.3	10	16.3	9.3 9	10 10	10.1 10	4.5 8	5.1 13	6.7 19	2.9 7	3.3 9	2.9 10	1 12	1.2 10	2.2 21	5.2 10	6 7	7.8 8	2.8 14	3.4 13	4.3 15	16.4 4	17.3 6	16.4 7	19.5 10	20.9 12	27.9 40
A2U Matting	11.9	11.3	8.8	15.6	9.3 10	9.7 7	10.9 16	4.8 12	4.9 11	5.3 6	3 11	3.1 8	2.8 6	1 10	1.1 6	1.4 5	5.1 8	6.7 8	8.5 11	2.5 11	3 8	5.9 27	17.3 11	18.4 12	18.1 17	20.6 17	20.6 10	27.3 37
AdaMatting	11.9	10.6	10.9	14.3	10.2 15	11.1 17	10.8 15	4.9 16	5.4 15	6.6 18	3.6 17	3.4 11	3.4 20	0.9 3	0.9 3	1.8 10	4.7 3	6.8 9	9.3 19	2.2 5	2.6 6	3.3 6	19.2 19	19.8 21	18.7 21	17.8 7	19.1 5	18.6 5
SampleNet Matting	12.3	9.9	12.1	14.8	9.1 7	9.7 8	9.8 9	4.3 1	4.8 7	5.1 5	3.4 16	3.7 16	3.2 17	0.9 6	1.1 8	2 13	5.1 9	6.8 10	9.7 22	2.5 9	4 17	3.7 9	18.6 18	19.3 18	19.1 24	20 13	21.6 13	23.2 19
GCA Matting	13.5	14.8	10.8	15.1	8.8 5	9.5 6	11.1 18	4.9 15	4.8 9	5.8 12	3.4 15	3.7 13	3.2 16	1.1 17	1.2 9	1.3 4	5.7 18	6.9 12	7.6 7	2.8 13	3.1 9	4.5 19	18.3 15	19.2 14	18.5 19	20.8 20	21.7 14	24.7 26
FE2E High-Quality Matting	14.2	13.1	15.6	13.9	10.1 14	11.1 15	9.3 6	5.5 21	6.4 19	6.9 21	3.4 14	3.7 14	3.2 15	1 11	1.7 15	1.9 11	5.7 17	7.8 21	11 27	2.5 8	3.8 15	3.8 10	17.3 9	18.4 11	17.4 14	19.6 11	21.8 15	20.2 7
VDRN Matting	14.6	16.8	15	12.1	8.9 6	9.4 5	9.3 4	5.2 18	5.6 17	6.6 17	2.8 6	3.3 10	2.7 4	1.8 30	1.9 18	2 12	5.7 16	7.1 15	8.3 9	3 16	3.5 14	3.6 8	17.6 12	18.3 10	16.9 10	23.2 30	25.9 31	26.5 33
ATNet Matting	14.8	16.5	13.5	14.4	9.7 13	10.2 12	9.6 8	4.5 7	4.8 6	4.4 1	3.7 18	3.9 17	3.4 21	1.7 27	1.9 17	2.2 19	5.9 23	7 14	9.3 18	2.9 15	3.3 12	3.9 12	19.8 21	20.6 22	20.7 30	19 8	19.2 8	20.1 6
Deep Matting	15.2	16.6	14.3	14.8	10.7 19	11.2 19	11 17	4.8 13	5.8 18	5.6 9	2.8 3	2.9 2	2.9 9	1.1 13	1.1 7	2 14	6 28	7.1 16	8.9 14	2.7 12	3.2 10	3.9 11	19.2 20	19.6 20	18.7 20	21.8 25	23.9 22	24.1 24
Information-flow matting	17.7	19	18.6	15.5	10.3 16	11.2 18	12.5 21	5.6 25	7.3 23	7.3 24	3.8 19	4.1 19	3 12	1.4 18	2.3 19	2 17	5.9 25	7.1 17	8.6 12	3.6 20	5.7 20	4.6 20	18.3 14	19.3 17	15.8 4	20.2 15	22.2 16	22.3 14
IndexNet Matting	18.8	21.4	17.6	17.5	12.6 35	13.4 21	11.4 19	4.8 11	4.9 12	5.7 10	3.3 13	4 18	3 11	1.1 15	1.5 13	1.6 8	6.4 32	7.5 20	8.9 15	3.4 17	4 16	4.1 13	18.6 17	19.1 13	18.5 18	23.4 31	25.1 28	29.3 46
DCNN Matting	19.9	21.8	18	19.9	12 29	14.1 23	14.5 27	5.3 19	6.4 20	6.8 20	3.9 21	4.5 21	3.4 19	1.6 24	2.5 21	2.2 22	6 27	6.9 13	9.1 16	4 23	6 21	5.3 22	19.9 22	19.2 16	19.1 23	19.4 9	20 9	21.2 10
AlphaGAN	20.3	21.4	20.8	18.9	9.6 12	10.7 14	10.4 12	4.7 10	5.3 14	5.4 8	3.1 12	3.7 12	3.1 13	1.1 16	1.3 12	2 16	6.4 34	8.3 29	9.3 20	3.6 19	5 18	4.3 17	20.8 23	21.5 24	20.6 29	25.7 45	28.7 43	26.7 36
Context-aware Matting	22.8	27	21	20.3	10.4 18	11.1 16	10.1 11	6.4 35	7.4 26	7.1 22	4.1 22	4.5 22	3.8 27	2.3 45	3.1 23	3 38	7.1 41	8.2 27	9.1 17	3.5 18	5.5 19	4.1 14	18.3 16	19.2 15	16.5 8	21.1 21	23.3 20	24.6 25
Three-layer graph matting	25	20.8	22.8	31.4	10.7 20	15.2 24	13.8 24	4.9 17	5.6 16	8.1 36	3.9 20	4.4 20	3.6 24	1 8	1.8 16	3 36	5.9 22	7.3 19	12.4 36	4.2 26	8 28	8.5 45	24.2 37	25.6 38	24.2 38	20.5 16	23.5 21	22.2 12
ATPM Matting	27.1	30.6	29.6	21.1	14 46	17.8 31	13.4 22	5.5 20	6.4 21	7.3 25	5.4 53	6.4 48	4.3 41	1.7 28	3.3 28	2.3 25	6.8 38	8 24	8.7 13	4.2 24	7.5 25	5.5 23	17.2 7	17.6 8	15.7 3	22.6 29	37.3 52	22.8 17
Three Stages Matting	28.4	28	28.6	28.6	11.7 28	13.9 22	13.9 25	5.6 22	7.4 25	7.9 30	4.6 34	5.5 35	4.2 36	2.2 41	4 35	3.1 41	6.5 35	11 46	11.9 31	4 21	6.5 22	4.5 18	23.3 31	23.2 33	22.3 33	19.6 12	20.8 11	22.4 15
LNSP Matting	29.9	26.4	30.5	32.8	12.2 30	22.5 49	19.5 54	5.6 23	8.1 29	8.8 46	4.6 32	5.9 40	3.6 23	1.5 21	3.5 31	3.1 40	6.2 29	8.1 26	10.7 26	4 22	7.1 23	6.4 29	21.5 26	20.8 23	16.3 5	22.5 28	24.4 23	27.8 39
CSC Matting	29.9	33.4	26.1	30.3	13.6 43	15.6 25	14.5 26	6.2 33	7.5 27	8.1 37	4.6 35	4.8 24	4.2 39	1.8 32	2.7 22	2.5 27	5.5 15	7.3 18	9.7 21	4.6 30	7.6 26	6.9 33	23.7 33	23 31	21 31	26.3 46	27.2 36	25.2 28
Graph-based sparse matting	31	31.5	31.8	29.6	12.6 36	20.5 41	14.8 31	5.7 27	7.3 22	6.4 16	4.5 30	5.3 31	3.7 25	1.4 20	3.3 29	2.3 24	6.3 31	7.9 22	11.1 28	4.2 25	8.3 31	6.4 28	28.7 50	31.3 51	27.1 47	23.6 33	25.1 27	27.3 38
KL-Divergence Based Sparse Sampling	31.2	29.6	31.3	32.8	11.6 27	17.5 30	14.7 28	5.6 24	8.5 34	8 32	4.9 46	5.3 29	3.7 26	1.5 22	3.5 30	2.1 18	5.8 20	8.3 28	14.1 44	5.6 41	9.3 36	8 41	24.6 38	27.7 45	28.9 50	20.7 19	22.7 18	23.9 23
Patch-based Matting	31.2	25.4	33.5	34.8	10.9 22	19 35	15.7 37	6 30	9.5 43	8.3 39	4.3 26	5.2 28	4.2 38	1.6 23	3.2 26	2.6 28	5.2 12	9 34	12.4 33	4.7 31	9.7 38	7 34	21.6 27	21.7 25	24.9 40	23.5 32	28.1 39	25.6 29
TSPS-RV Matting	32.6	30.8	32.5	34.5	11.3 26	16.4 28	13.7 23	6.1 31	8.1 31	8.6 43	4.5 28	5.4 33	4.1 35	1.4 19	3.3 27	3.5 50	7.9 49	8.9 32	12.4 35	6.2 45	9 34	8.7 47	22.8 30	23.5 34	21.4 32	20.7 18	28.5 41	22.2 11
Iterative Transductive Matting	33.3	34.3	33.5	32	13.1 40	17.2 29	15.6 36	5.7 26	8.6 36	7.8 29	5.1 49	5.5 34	3.9 28	1.9 33	5.8 46	2.6 29	6.6 36	8.5 30	13.8 43	5.4 36	10 39	7.4 38	25.5 40	24 35	23.8 37	20.1 14	22.7 19	22.7 16
SVR Matting	33.7	36.6	34.3	30.1	18.7 58	30.7 60	19.1 51	6.8 45	7.7 28	7.6 28	4.7 41	5 27	3.4 18	1.9 34	4.7 38	2.9 34	5.8 19	8.7 31	10.5 23	4.3 27	8 29	5.6 25	21.2 25	22.1 28	17.1 13	25.6 44	26.1 33	30.6 49
Comprehensive sampling	33.8	30.4	34.3	36.6	11.2 25	18.5 34	14.8 29	6.5 39	9.5 42	8.9 48	4.5 29	4.9 25	4.1 34	1.7 26	3.1 25	2.3 26	5.4 14	9.8 38	13.4 41	5.5 39	11.5 45	7.4 40	23.9 35	22 27	22.8 34	23.8 36	28 38	28.1 41
Comprehensive Weighted Color and Texture	34.3	33.6	35.6	33.5	14.6 47	16 26	15.7 38	6.8 44	10 46	7.9 31	4.3 25	5 26	4.1 32	1.7 25	3.5 32	2.2 20	5.4 13	9.9 40	12.8 39	4.3 28	7.4 24	5.2 21	28.3 49	28.1 46	25.4 43	24 38	30.2 45	28.7 44
Sparse coded matting	34.7	38	35.6	30.5	13.7 44	25.8 56	14.8 32	6.4 36	8.2 32	6.2 15	4.7 36	5.4 32	4 30	1.8 31	3.1 24	2.3 23	5.9 24	8 25	10.6 24	4.5 29	8 27	5.5 24	30.3 52	33.1 54	29.2 51	27.7 52	27.2 35	29 45
LocalSamplingAndKnnClassification	36.3	38.9	34.4	35.6	12.6 34	16 27	12.4 20	5.8 28	8.1 30	8 33	4.5 31	5.5 36	4.1 31	2.2 42	5.1 41	3.4 48	8.1 50	10.5 42	15.6 49	7.3 49	12.3 48	9.4 48	24.1 36	21.8 26	19.7 25	24.7 41	24.8 25	25.9 31
Weighted Color and Texture Matting	37	34.5	39.3	37.3	13.1 41	17.8 32	15.8 39	6.5 38	9.4 40	8.6 42	4.2 24	4.7 23	3.9 29	1.7 29	6 47	2.7 30	6.4 33	11 45	16.3 50	4.8 32	9.1 35	6.5 30	23.7 32	24.8 37	23.2 35	26.5 47	40.2 55	28.5 43
CCM	37.3	40.4	37.3	34.3	13.8 45	20.8 42	16.9 47	6.4 37	8.9 38	8.2 38	4.7 37	5.9 41	3.6 22	2.5 47	4.3 36	3 35	7 40	9 33	10.6 25	4.9 33	8.1 30	5.7 26	25.6 41	27.5 44	24.5 39	25.4 43	26.4 34	28.2 42
LNCLM matting	37.4	39.9	37.3	35	10.9 23	11.2 20	16.7 45	6.9 47	8.9 39	7.2 23	5.6 55	7 56	4.1 33	2.5 49	5.1 42	3.5 51	7.5 44	10 41	12 32	5.5 40	11.3 42	7.3 37	25.2 39	23 32	19.9 27	21.2 22	25 26	26.4 32
Shared Matting	37.4	35.6	41.1	35.5	10.8 21	20.5 40	15 33	7.8 51	11.6 52	8.1 34	4.2 23	5.3 30	4.2 37	2.1 36	5.8 45	2.9 33	5.9 26	9.2 35	11.4 30	5 34	8.8 32	6.8 32	34.9 57	34.9 55	34.3 55	23.9 37	28.4 40	25.7 30
Global Sampling Matting	39.8	36.5	42.6	40.4	10.9 24	22.7 50	15.4 34	6.3 34	9.5 44	9 49	4.7 38	6.4 50	4.3 43	2.2 43	5.6 44	3.4 47	6.9 39	9.6 37	12.9 40	6.3 46	12.5 49	8.6 46	25.8 42	27.5 43	25.3 42	22 26	24.4 24	23.7 22
SRLO Matting	40.8	39.4	43.4	39.6	14.7 48	18 33	17.7 49	6.9 46	10.7 48	8.9 47	4.9 47	5.7 38	4.7 51	2.1 38	6.5 48	2.8 32	6.3 30	10.9 44	15.2 48	5.4 35	11.6 46	7 36	26.5 47	29.7 48	25.1 41	21.7 24	28.5 42	22.3 13
Segmentation-based matting	41.1	41.9	40.3	41.1	12.8 39	23.5 52	16.6 44	6.6 40	8.3 33	7.3 26	4.8 45	6.1 44	4.3 44	2.1 37	3.9 34	3.1 39	6.7 37	8 23	13.4 42	6 44	8.8 33	8.2 42	31.6 53	35.6 56	38.8 57	24.5 40	32 47	26.7 35
Improved color matting	42.3	42.5	41.6	42.6	14.9 49	24.5 54	20 55	6.7 42	9.5 41	8.5 41	4.6 33	6.1 45	4.3 45	2.6 51	5.4 43	3.4 49	7.5 45	9.9 39	12.5 37	6 42	10.1 40	8.4 44	26.1 43	26.7 42	23.6 36	23.8 35	25.6 29	26.7 34
KNN Matting	42.6	44.6	44.4	38.9	16.2 53	19.7 36	16.8 46	8 52	11 49	9 51	4.7 39	6.7 53	4.3 40	3 54	7.7 54	3.7 52	9.2 53	11.3 47	11.3 29	6 43	10.4 41	6.7 31	18.1 13	19.6 19	17 12	27.4 50	41 56	32.7 50
Local Spline Regression (LSR)	42.7	44.9	39.4	43.9	12.2 31	20 38	16.2 40	6.1 32	8.8 37	8.1 35	5.2 51	6.2 47	4.6 48	2.2 44	4.9 40	3.1 42	9.4 55	11.9 49	18.3 53	8.2 52	11.4 43	10.1 50	26.4 45	22.5 29	20.2 28	27 49	26 32	39.8 55
Global Sampling Matting (filter version)	42.9	40.6	45.6	42.4	12.3 32	24.3 53	16.3 41	7.3 49	10.2 47	9.5 52	5.1 50	6.4 49	4.7 52	2.4 46	4.7 39	3.2 44	5.9 21	9.5 36	12.4 34	6.5 47	13.1 50	8.3 43	26.5 46	28.3 47	30 53	23.6 34	29.1 44	23.5 20
Learning Based Matting	44.1	44.6	43.3	44.4	16 52	22 48	18.7 50	6.6 41	7.4 24	7.4 27	4.8 43	6.1 43	4.3 46	2.1 35	3.7 33	2.8 31	7.5 46	14.5 55	19.5 56	8.6 56	14.1 53	14.6 58	22.5 28	24.8 36	19.9 26	34.6 56	38.5 54	51.2 61
LMSPIR	45.1	44.1	46.9	44.4	15.2 51	20 37	19.1 52	6.7 43	11.2 50	8.7 45	4.8 44	5.8 39	4.6 50	2.1 39	6.8 51	3 37	7.9 48	14.3 54	20.2 57	5.5 38	11.4 44	7 35	29.7 51	31 50	29.6 52	24 39	34.2 50	25 27
Shared Matting (Real Time)	45.6	44.3	46.5	46	12.4 33	21.6 44	16.3 42	9.5 55	13.5 54	9.9 53	4.4 27	5.6 37	4.4 47	2.5 50	6.8 52	3.2 45	7.1 42	10.8 43	12.6 38	5.4 37	9.7 37	7.4 39	35.5 59	35.8 57	35.5 56	27.6 51	33.4 48	29.8 48
Closed-Form Matting	46	44.6	43.6	49.9	12.7 37	21.9 47	17.2 48	5.9 29	8.5 35	8.6 44	4.7 40	6 42	4.3 42	2.2 40	4.6 37	3.3 46	9.3 54	12.1 50	19.3 55	8.3 53	14.9 55	13.4 57	34.2 56	32.4 53	27.4 48	26.5 48	25.7 30	48.3 59
Improving Sampling Criterion	49.7	48.9	51.5	48.8	12.7 38	21.1 43	16.4 43	11.5 58	17 59	12.1 58	5.8 57	8.1 59	5.7 57	5.4 62	12.1 61	6.6 61	9.6 57	15.7 56	17.8 51	10.2 58	17 56	11.2 55	23.8 34	26.7 41	25.9 44	22.2 27	27.3 37	23.7 21
Cell-based matting Laplacian	50.3	52.4	49	49.4	15.1 50	21.7 45	15.6 35	7.6 50	11.4 51	9 50	5.7 56	6.7 54	5.2 55	3.1 55	6.7 49	4.5 55	8.6 51	11.4 48	14.9 46	8.5 55	13.5 52	11.1 53	27.7 48	26.2 40	27.6 49	32.4 54	37.6 53	37.9 52
Large Kernel Matting	50.5	52.1	49.9	49.5	17.2 54	21.8 46	20.7 56	7.2 48	9.6 45	8.4 40	5.3 52	6.6 52	4.6 49	2.9 53	8.2 56	4.2 53	8.6 52	12.1 51	14.7 45	8 51	13.4 51	11.2 54	33 54	31.8 52	26.1 45	32.1 53	32 46	38.4 54
Robust Matting	51.2	47.5	52.1	54	17.3 55	28.4 58	21.1 57	10.1 56	16.9 58	11.4 56	4.8 42	6.5 51	5 54	2.8 52	7.3 53	4.4 54	7.3 43	14 53	18.1 52	6.8 48	14.6 54	10.6 52	22.7 29	26.1 39	32.1 54	34.4 55	37 51	38 53
SPS matting	53.3	52.6	56.3	50.9	13.4 42	23 51	14.8 30	12.5 59	18.5 60	12.4 59	6.6 61	9.4 62	6.5 62	4.5 60	12.7 62	5.4 58	9.5 56	16.4 58	18.6 54	9.8 57	18.1 59	10.6 51	26.1 44	30.9 49	26.2 46	25 42	33.5 49	29.5 47
High-res matting	54.2	52.8	55.5	54.4	18.6 57	25.8 55	24.6 59	8.6 53	14.1 55	11.1 55	5 48	6.2 46	4.8 53	2.5 48	8.3 57	3.2 43	7.8 47	14 52	21.4 58	8.5 54	18.1 60	12.2 56	35.3 58	38.1 59	42.6 60	38.7 57	54.6 60	36.8 51
Transfusive Weights	54.7	54.8	54.5	54.9	23.2 59	26.7 57	22.4 58	9.2 54	11.9 53	10.4 54	6.1 59	8.1 58	5.9 59	3.8 58	8 55	5.3 57	12.9 60	21.4 60	37.6 64	13.1 63	22.8 62